National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) Practice Test

Which peripheral nerve is typically entrapped in tarsal tunnel syndrome?

1. Peroneal nerve

2. Sural nerve

3. Tibial nerve

4. Femoral nerve

The correct answer is: Tibial nerve

In tarsal tunnel syndrome, the peripheral nerve that is typically entrapped is the tibial nerve. This condition occurs when the tibial nerve, which runs through the tarsal tunnel located behind the medial malleolus (the bony prominence on the inside of the ankle), becomes compressed. The tarsal tunnel is a narrow space that can become restricted due to various factors, such as inflammation, vascular issues, or structural anomalies, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the foot. The unique anatomy and location of the tibial nerve make it particularly vulnerable to entrapment in this area, as it passes through the tarsal tunnel alongside blood vessels and other tissues. This entrapment can be the result of direct compression, such as from swelling or masses, or from repetitive strain injuries that create tension on the nerve. In contrast, the peroneal nerve primarily runs along the outside of the leg and does not pass through the tarsal tunnel, making it less likely to be involved in this syndrome. The sural nerve, which provides sensation to parts of the lower leg and foot, also does not traverse the tarsal tunnel. The femoral nerve, being primarily responsible for the